Trade between the US and Africa has remained relatively stable, although encountering occasional challenges. At the time this project was being implemented, the US had not signed any FTA with a Sub-Saharan African country. However, there were various Trade and Investment Framework Agreements (TIFAs). in place, both with individual countries as well as a number of regional blocs.
International Economics (IEC) undertook research to support the Department for International Trade (DIT) with a better understanding of the experience of the US in implementing TIFAs with Africa and the impact that these have had, if any, in bilateral trade and investment performance.